What is the ideal grind size for espresso?

The ideal grind size for espresso is fine grind. This fineness is crucial because it allows for the optimal extraction of flavors during the short brewing time that espresso requires, usually around 25-30 seconds. A fine grind increases the surface area of the coffee, which facilitates the efficient extraction of oils and solubles, producing a rich and concentrated shot with the characteristic crema on top.

When coffee is ground too coarsely, the water flows through too quickly, resulting in under-extraction, which leads to a sour or weak flavor profile. Conversely, grinding too finely can lead to over-extraction, where bitter flavors dominate. Fine grind strikes the right balance that enables the nuanced flavors of coffee to shine through in espresso. The precise grind size is essential for achieving consistency and quality in the espresso shot.